0. Executive Summary
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Judgment axis

Key judgment

Item IdentityA woody nut crop whose kernel is edible, derived from the representative commercial species Corylus avellana L. It is also described by FAO AGRIS as a globally important Tree Nut Crop .
Key roleShelled Kernel · Roasted Nuts · Chocolate · Praline · Spread · Crushed · Powder · Paste Ingredients
Harvesting principleConnect Species, Cultivar, Origin, Crop Year, Maturity, Fruit Drop, Drying, and Shell Dehulling History to Lot
Product separationManage In-shell, Shelled, Whole Kernel, Roasted, Blanched, Granule, Powder, and Paste as separate Products
Separation of similar itemsIt is completely different from perilla in plant form, edible parts, and production system, and the species and processing yield are managed separately from almonds and walnuts.
Domestic production statisticsDomestic commercial hazelnut exclusive cultivation area and production volume: To be entered after verification of official raw data.
Domestic market structureAccording to USDA FAS standards, South Korea's total tree nut imports in 2024 amounted to $299 million , with hazelnuts listed as the next major import item after almonds, walnuts, and macadamia nuts. This figure does not represent hazelnuts alone.
Major global supply axesThe FAO describes Turkey as a key producer of *C. avellana*, and FAO data regarding Azerbaijan identifies Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Italy, and the United States as major producing nations. ( FAO AGRIS )
EU marketUSDA FAS explains that Turkey accounted for 25% of EU Tree Nut imports in 2024, with hazelnuts being the main supply.
HS structureAccording to Korea Customs Service data, hazelnut and Filbert (Corylus spp.) are classified as 080221 In-shell and 080222 Shelled. ( Korea Customs Service )
Supply and demand riskConcentration of producing countries · Frost · Drought · Rainfall · Biennial · Harvest loss · Dryness · Mold · Kernel defects · Rancidity · Exchange rates · Ocean freight
Quality CoreOrigin · Crop Year · Kernel Size · Whole/Broken · Moisture · Roasting Suitability · Peeling Rate · Color · Aroma · Processing Yield
Operating PrinciplesConnect Orchard–Harvest–In-shell–Kernel–Import Lot–Processing–Buyer RFQs into a single Runtime
Final goalDatafication of recurring transactions between global producers, processors, and importers and domestic chocolate, confectionery, bakery, and PB buyers

FAO AGRIS describes Corylus avellana as an internationally important nut crop, pointing out that production is particularly concentrated in Turkey. In the FAO’s case study on contract farming in Azerbaijan, hazelnuts are also described as a high-value crop with high export demand. ( FAO AGRIS )

1. Plant Identity & Product Master

Basic fields

detail

Korean namehazelnut
English nameHazelnut / Filbert
Representative scientific nameCorylus avellana L. ( FAO AGRIS )
classificationBetulaceae, genus Corylus, woody nut
Edible partsHard shell inside Kernel
Non-edible · Separate managementExternal buds, shells, leaves, branches, and pruning parts
Major harvesting stagesImmature fruit → Kernel maturation → Fruit drop/harvest → Drying
Basic product formIn-shell·Raw Kernel·Roasted·Blanched·Granule·Powder·Paste
Basic processing stageDrying, dehulling, sorting, roasting, peeling, cutting, grinding, pasteurizing, and oiling.
Basic useDirect edible · Chocolate · Praline · Spread · Bakery · Dessert · Ice cream · Oil
Principle of similar itemsDistinguish Cultivar from other Corylus species, and separate almonds, walnuts, etc. as Plant Entities

In the USDA Plant Resources database, Corylus avellana L. is repeatedly listed as Hazelnut/Filbert and is isolated from other Corylus species such as C. colurna. ( Ars Grin )

Product Master

Product ID

Actual product form

Key Management Standards

HAZELNUT-P01Seedlings for cultivation and planting materialsSpecies·Cultivar·Nursery·Source
HAZELNUT-P02Nuts immediately after harvestCultivar · Harvest Date · Maturity
HAZELNUT-P03Dried In-shell HazelnutMoisture · Shell Condition · Size · Crop Year
HAZELNUT-P04Raw Shelled KernelKernel Size · Whole · Moisture · Defects
HAZELNUT-P05Whole KernelSize, color, damage, foreign matter
HAZELNUT-P06Roasted HazelnutRoast Profile · Color · Aroma · Moisture
HAZELNUT-P07Blanched HazelnutSeed coat removal rate, color, and damage
HAZELNUT-P08Half/Broken KernelSpecifications, Color, Defects
HAZELNUT-P09Hazelnut GranuleParticle size, roast status, color
HAZELNUT-P10Hazelnut Powder/FlourParticle size, moisture, fat, color
HAZELNUT-P11Hazelnut PasteKernel ratio, particle size, viscosity, aroma
HAZELNUT-P12Praline Raw MaterialHazelnut · Sugar Blend · Roast
HAZELNUT-P13Hazelnut Spread BasePaste, fats, sugars, and solids
HAZELNUT-P14Chocolate IngredientWhole Granule Paste Standards
HAZELNUT-P15Hazelnut OilPressing, Refining Status, and Oxidation Management
HAZELNUT-P16PB · Finished ProductsIngredient Traceability, Labeling, and Use-by Date
2. Product Classification & Use Segmentation

Classification criteria

Subdivision type

Management principles

Plant classificationCorylus avellanaBasic Plant Entity
Other SpeciesCorylus spp.Species ID separate
CultivarCommercial varieties by country of originCultivar Master
production siteCountry·Region·OrchardOrigin Entity
Crop YearHarvest yearEssential long-term storage materials
Harvesting stageImmature, mature, fallen fruit, harvest, dryingHarvest Stage
Shell statusIn-shell·ShelledProduct·HS separation
Kernel typeWhole·Half·Broken·GranuleBuyer Grade
Seed coatNatural·BlanchedProduct Separation
Processing formRaw·Roasted·Powder·Paste·OilProduct ID
Final useSnack·Chocolate·Bakery·Praline·Spread·OilBuyer Specification
Transaction typeSource contracts · Imports · Bulk · Processed raw materials · OEM · PBContract NDA
3. Production, Harvest & Post-harvest

Hazelnuts are a perennial orchard crop that requires continuous management not only of the production year but also of the orchard, cultivar, tree age, flowering, pollination, fruit set, ripening, fruit drop, harvesting, and drying. FAO AGRIS data explains that major production areas are located in temperate regions, including the Black Sea region of Turkey, and that well-drained soil is important. ( FAO AGRIS )

step

Essential Dataset

Management purpose

Cultivation planSpecies · Cultivar · Area · Buyer UseLong-term supply plan
Seedlings and propagationNursery·Cultivar·Propagationbreed tracking
formulaYear of formalization · Orchard · Plantingproduction base
Receipt managementTree Age · Production YearYield Analysis
Pension managementPruning, sucking, and crownproductivity
floweringFlowering dates for male and female flowersMoisture prediction
moistureVariety combinations · WeatherFruit set
Fruit setFruit set and fruit dropYield Forecast
risingFrost, rainfall, drought, high temperaturesCrop risk
WateringSoil moisture and irrigationExcessive negligence
disputeTiming and input amountProduction history
pestsOccurrence and ControlQuantity and quality
Kernel hypertrophyFidelity · PovertyGrade Forecast
Maturity assessmentPeel, Kernel, Fallen FruitOptimal harvest time
harvestHarvest date and methodHarvest Lot
Removal of firearms and foreign objectsOrganizing the harvestRaw material quality
purifyingIf necessaryForeign matter management
dryMoisture, Time, MethodStorage stability
In-shell screeningSize · Shell defectsRaw Grade
peelingKernel recovery amount · DamageShelling Yield
Kernel screeningSize · Whole · FlawsBuyer Grade
stir-fryRoast ProfileFlavor
peelingSeed coat removalChocolate/Bakery
BuntaeIslandConfectionery
powderParticle size and moistureBakery
PasteViscosity and particle sizePraline/Spread
milkingRaw materials and yieldHazelnut Oil
saveTemperature, humidity, oxygen, and periodrancidity and mold
packagingOxygen and moisture blockageQuality maintenance
export shipmentContainer·Exporter·ETATrade
Incoming inspectionHS · Origin · SafetyImport Lot
shipmentBuyer · Delivery DateDelivery
4. Quality Specification & Lot Management

Quality items

In-shell

Shelled Kernel

processed goods

finished product

Public rating

SpeciesessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingPublic
CultivaressentialsuccessionRaw material standardstrackingVerified
OriginessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingPublic
Crop YearessentialessentialsuccessiontrackingVerified
Orchard/SupplierIDsuccessiontrackingtrackingVerified
LotessentialnewnewnewVerified/NDA
Harvest dayessentialsuccessionsuccessiontrackingVerified
Shell statuscore---Member
sizeIn-shell SizeKernel SizeRaw material specificationsProduct StandardsMember
weightRaw material weightKernel weightInput and OutputDisplay amountMember
Whole ratio-coreRaw material specificationsProduct StandardsNDA
Broken ratio-coreProduct BranchProduct StandardsVerified
Empty Nutcoreeliminate--Verified
Immature KernelcheckcoreDecision of non-conformity-Verified
Kernel colorAfter changing fruitcorecoreProduct StandardsVerified
moldessentialessentialessentialProduct StandardsVerified
insect pestsessentialessentialDecision of non-conformity-Verified
alien substanceessentialessentialessentialessentialVerified
Shell contamination-essentialessentialProduct StandardsVerified
moistureDrying corecoreBy productProduct StandardsVerified
pesticide residuesCompliant with standardssuccessioncheckLegal standardsVerified/NDA
MycotoxinsRisk-based inspectionimportanceBy productLegal standardsVerified/NDA
microorganismIf necessarycorecoreProduct StandardsVerified/NDA
Roasting-correspondingcoretrackingNDA
Blanching-correspondingcoretrackingNDA
Peeling rate-correspondingcoreCost linkageNDA
Island-BrokenGranule/PowderProduct StandardsVerified
Paste viscosity--coreProduct StandardsVerified/NDA
rancidityStorage ManagementcorePaste/Oil Key PointsProduct StandardsVerified
Processing history-essentialessentialessentialNDA
packagingBulkB2BBy productLabeling packagingMember
savedryBy productBy productBy productVerified
Expiration dateThe relevant cityBy ProductTest-basedmarkVerified
ShipmentrecordrecordrecordrecordVerified
Returns and ClaimsrecordrecordrecordrecordNDA
RepurchaseconnectionconnectionconnectionconnectionNDA

Given the significant proportion of hazelnuts used for export, confectionery, and chocolate, Whole Kernel Rate, Kernel Size, Roasting, Skin Removal, Color, Flavor, and Paste Yield become important management targets in the Buyer Specification. USDA FAS data indicating that Turkey is a major hazelnut supplier in the EU market demonstrates the need to link origin-specific grades and processing performance to supplier evaluations.
 

Lot Master Required Field

Lot ID · Item · Product Type · Species · Scientific Name · Cultivar · Crop Year · Country of Origin · Production Region · Orchard · Producer · Processor · Exporter · Importer · Planting Year · Age · Flowering · Fruit Set Information · Harvest Date · Drying Date · In-shell Weight · Size · Grade · Shell Condition · Empty Nut · Pest Damage · Kernel Weight · Size · Color · Whole/Broken Ratio · Shelling Yield · Pesticide Use History · Pesticide Residues · Mycotoxins · Microbial Test Report · Storage · Shipment History · Export Lot · Import Lot · Raw Material Lot · Roasting · Peeling · Crushed · Powder · Paste · Extraction History · Processing Yield · Packaging Date · Best Before Date · Shipper · Returns · Claims · Repurchase

5. Korea Market & Demand Structure

Customers

Purchase criteria

Cooperation opportunities

Nut importerOrigin·Crop Year·In-shell/ShelledGlobal Procurement
Nut processing companyKernel Size · Whole · MoistureProcessing RFQ
Roasted nut productionRoast suitability, size, and moistureSnack RFQ
chocolate manufacturerKernel·Granule·Paste·RoastCore B2B
Praline manufacturingRoast, Paste, and Sugar MixturePremium Ingredient
Spread manufacturingPaste, flavor, particle size, oilOEM/PB
confectionery companyWhole Granule PowderIngredient
BakeryGranule, Powder, PasteRegular supply
Ice cream and dessertsPaste·Roasted KernelPremium Product
cafeSyrup/Paste/Granule IngredientsBeverage/Dessert
Large-scale distributionCountry of origin, safety, and small packagingRetail
Online distributionRaw · Roasted · Small PackagingCommerce
Hotels and RestaurantsWhole Granules PasteFoodservice
PB·OEMSnack · Spread · ChocolateManufacturing cooperation
trading companyHS · Origin · FTA · FreightTrade RFQ
Research and testing institutionsGrade · Storage · Roast · SafetyVerification cooperation
6. Trade & Supply-chain Intelligence

step

Key variables

Operational judgment

Overseas orchard productionOrigin · Cultivar · Crop YearSupply Forecast
Flowering and fruit settingWeather and moistureYield Risk
harvestMaturity, fruit drop, weatherRaw Quality
dryMoisture and timeStorage Risk
In-shell screeningSize·Empty·DamageRaw Grade
peelingKernel Yield·BrokenProcessing Economics
Kernel screeningSize · Whole · ColorBuyer Grade
Contracts and ProcurementOrigin · Crop Year · GradeProcurement
export shipmentFreight·Transit·ContainerLanded Cost
Import customs clearanceHS · Origin · InspectionImport Lot
Domestic storageTemperature, humidity, and rancidityInventory
stir-fryRoast·Skin RemovalFlavor
PowderParticle size and yieldBakery
PasteKernel ratio and viscosityChocolate/Spread
deliveryTest Reports, Delivery Dates, QualityBuyer Evaluation
RFQ · RepurchaseClaim·Yield·PriceSupplier Ranking

Import and export management

item

Management principles

Basic HSHS Code 0802 Other Nuts
In-shell080221 Hazelnuts or filberts (Corylus spp.), In shell. Verified under the Korea Customs Service HS2017 Rules of Origin. ( Korea Customs Service )
Shelled080222 Hazelnuts or filberts (Corylus spp.), Shelled. ( Korea Customs Service )
Domestic HSK examplesPreviously presented as 0802210000 In shell and 0802220000 Shelled in the Korea Customs Service's Schedule of Concessions. Reconfirm current HSK for 2026 declarations. ( Korea Customs Service )
RoastedReconfirm current product classification as fresh and dried kernels may differ from the HS.
Powder/PasteSeparate HS determination based on composition and degree of processing
Hazelnut OilVerification of separate classification of seeds and oils
Korea's import volumeInput after verification of raw data by the Korea Customs Service for 2025/2026
Korean import valueInput after official verification of raw data
Major suppliersEnter after verifying HS, base year, quantity, and amount
FTAVerification of Origin, HS, Agreement Tariff Rates by Product Type, and Criteria of Origin
QuarantineFor seedlings, seeds, and plant matter, check country-specific conditions with the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency.
Food safetyCheck the latest KFDA standards by product type, such as ingredients, stir-fries, and pastes.
Customs clearance unit priceCalculate In-shell and Shelled separately, never adding them together.
7. Processing, By-products & PRP Intelligence

Products and processes

Key conditions

RFQ conversion

Harvested raw fruitCultivar · Maturity · OriginRaw RFQ
Dry In-shellMoisture, Size, Shell ConditionIn-shell RFQ
Raw KernelSize · Whole · ColorKernel RFQ
Whole KernelSize, color, and defectsPremium Ingredient
Roasted KernelRoast Level · Aroma · ColorSnack/Chocolate
Blanched KernelPeeling rate, color, damageConfectionery
Half/BrokenSize and safetyGranule/Paste
GranuleParticle size and roast statusChocolate/Bakery
PowderParticle size, moisture, fatBakery/Dessert
Hazelnut PasteKernel Ratio · Viscosity · RoastChocolate/Praline
Praline BasePaste and sugar mixtureConfectionery
Spread BasePaste, Fat, SolidsOEM/PB
Hazelnut OilPressing, Refining, RancidityOil RFQ
ShellSeparation from food kernelSeparate verification of fuel and material utilization
Skin/TestaProcessing by-productsUtilization in food and extracts is verified by laws and research.
Broken KernelSuitable productPowder/Paste Conversion
Mold/Damaged NutFood supply chain exclusionReview of disposal and conversion to non-food

The hazelnut supply chain holds significant value not only for whole kernel sales but also for further processing into ingredients for chocolate and confectionery. USDA FAS market data on the Taiwan Tree Nut market also explains that hazelnuts are primarily used as a complementary ingredient in bakery and chocolate products, in addition to snack mixes . Since this is Taiwan market data, it is used solely as a product use example and not for applying to Korean demand ratios. ( USDA App )

Product Research Profile (PRP)

PRP area

Key question

SpeciesHow to distinguish between C. avellana and other Corylus sources
CultivarWhich use is it suitable for, such as chocolate, whole, or paste?
Crop YearWhat is the quality difference between new stock and long-term inventory?
risingWhat are the effects of frost, drought, and rainfall on crop yield?
harvestHow fruit drop and harvest timing affect kernel quality
dryWhat are the optimal conditions for ensuring shelf life?
ShellingWhat is the actual kernel recovery rate compared to the in-shell?
Whole YieldHow does the Whole Kernel ratio affect costs?
Kernel SizeDoes it meet the specifications of the Chocolate/Whole Snack Buyer?
RoastWhat are the optimal aroma and color for each cultivar and size?
BlanchingWhat are the seed coat removal rate and kernel loss?
GranuleDoes it reliably meet the target particle size for chocolate and bakery use?
PowderWhat is the quality stability of moisture, particle size, and fat?
PasteDo the kernel content, roast, viscosity, and aroma meet the buyer's specifications?
OilHow do actual milking yield and oxidation stability compare to the kernel?
BuyerWhat is the impact of origin, crop year, and processing yield on repurchase?
8. AX Transformation

first of all

Execution item

Performance indicators

1Species·Cultivar·Origin·Crop Year·Lot become mandatory valuesRequired value completion rate
2In-shell·Kernel·Roasted·Granule·Powder·Paste Product separationProduct identification rate
3Linking production area weather, flowering, fruit set, harvest, and shipment dataSupply Forecast Accuracy
4Datafication of quality, certificates, drying, storage, and processing historyTraceability rate
5Producer–Processor–Exporter–Importer–Buyer RFQ connectionRFQ Match Rate
6Video AI In-shell Size and Defect ScreeningAutomatic judgment accuracy
7Kernel AI Whole/Broken · Color JudgmentGrade Accuracy
8Empty Nut · Pest Detection AIdefect detection rate
9World production forecastError compared to actual
10Frost/Drought Supply Risk ScoreRisk Pre-detection
11Shelling Yield PredictionError compared to actual
12Roast & Blanching Yield PredictionProcessing Yield Error
13Paste Yield and Viscosity PredictionBuyer specification compliance rate
14Revenue, Inventory, and Lead Time ForecastingOut of stock rate
15AI Supplier/Buyer MatchSample→Contract Conversion Rate
16TraceabilityOrchard → Finished Product Traceability
9. Industry Problem Bank

Problem group

Problem Definition

Required data

Lack of domestic production baseDomestic buyers rely heavily on overseas supply chainsDomestic/Import
Concentration in producing countriesChanges in crop conditions of specific origins affect prices and supplyCountry Production
weather disasterYield fluctuations due to frost, drought, and heavy rainClimate
Crop Year mixedStorage period for new and old songs is unclearHarvest Year
Cultivar unmanagedDifferences in Chocolate, Whole, and Paste aptitudes are not reflectedCultivar
In-shell/Shelled mixtureDistortion of supply volume and customs clearance unit priceHS·Product State
Empty NutLowering kernel yield relative to raw material weightFill Rate
Kernel Size deviationBuyer Grade DiscrepancySize
Whole/Broken deviationPremium raw material yield differenceWhole Yield
Poor dryingRisk of storage mold and quality degradationMoisture
insect pestsKernel marketability declinePest
rancidityKernel, Powder, and Paste storage quality degradationStorage
Roasting deviationChocolate Spread flavor and color instabilityRoast Profile
Blanching lossKernel damage during peeling processBlanching Yield
Paste deviationDiscrepancy in color, viscosity, scent, and Kernel ratioPaste Dataset
Changes in origin and import priceChanges in global procurement costsOrigin·Price
Dispersion of test reportsImport Lot and Test Results Not ConnectedCertificate
Repurchase not reflectedBuyer quality performance is not reflected in supplier selectionEvaluation·Reorder
10. Farmer RFQ & Collaboration Model

RFQ Type

Public Registration

Verify/NDA

In-shell Hazelnut ProcurementOrigin · Crop Year · SizeProducer · Quantity · Price
Shelled Kernel PurchaseSize · Whole · ColorMOQ · Test Report · Price
Whole KernelSize, color, and defectsLot · Actual Unit Price
Broken KernelSize · Graderaw material prices
Roasting ingredientsMoisture, Size, and Roast SuitabilityProcessing yield
Roasted HazelnutRoast Level · Aroma · ColorMOQ · Delivery Time
Blanched KernelPeeling rate, color, damageProcessing Yield
GranuleGrain size · RoastChocolate and Bakery Standards
PowderParticle size, moisture, fatBakery RFQ
Hazelnut PasteKernel Ratio · Roast · ViscosityB2B contract
Praline BaseBlending · Hazelnut contentOEM
Spread BasePaste, Fat, SolidsPB/OEM
Chocolate IngredientWhole Granules PasteRegular supply
Ice Cream/DessertPaste/PowderPremium Ingredient
Hazelnut OilPressing and refiningOil RFQ
importHS·Origin·Crop YearExporter · Freight · Unit Price
Safety verificationPesticide residues, mycotoxins, microorganismsOriginal text of the test report
domestic test cultivationSpecies·Cultivar·RegionFarms, Area, Productivity
Research cooperationVariety · Storage · Roast · PasteDataset·IP
PB·OEMSnack · Chocolate · SpreadManufacturing conditions
11. RFQ Request First

① Need Products & Materials

Companies and institutions seeking necessary products, agricultural products, raw materials, and processed goods register purchasing demands. Registered requests are utilized to review cooperation with potential suppliers and producers based on the RFQ Intelligence Library.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Supplier/Product Review → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Matching

Register


② We are looking for production and manufacturing partners. (Need Suppliers & Manufacturers)

Register a request to find necessary production and supply partners, ranging from farms and producer organizations to processing companies, OEM, ODM, and private label manufacturers.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Review of Production & Manufacturing Capabilities → Collaboration Connection → Future AI Partner Matching

Register


③ We are looking for domestic and international buyers. (Need Buyers)

Farmers, producer organizations, and manufacturing companies are requesting cooperation with new buyers, such as domestic and international distributors, importers, brand companies, and food service and catering businesses.

Process:
RFQ Registration → Product & Supply Capability Review → Market & Buyer Connection → Future AI Buyer Matching

Register

Contact : mail@markethub.org

Version History

Version

Main contents

situation

v1.0Plant Identity · Global Production Structure · Korean Import Market · In-shell · Kernel · Roasting · Peeling · Powder · Paste · RFQ Basic Structure Registrationcomplete
v1.12025/2026 Global Production · Korea Imports by HS Code · Cultivar · FTA · Market Raw Data Verificationexpected
v2.0Detailed quality specifications for Crop Year, Kernel Size, Shelling Yield, Whole/Broken, Roasting, Blanching, Granule, Powder, and Pasteexpected
v3.0Nursery–Orchard–Producer–Processor–Exporter–Importer–Chocolate/Bakery Manufacturer–Buyer Verified Container combinationexpected