Economy Type
Climate-Vulnerable Tourism, Agriculture & Island Service Economy
Climate-vulnerable tourism, agriculture, fisheries, and island services economy
Vanuatu is classified as a Climate-Vulnerable Tourism, Agriculture & Island Service Economy country.
Vanuatu, composed of several islands in the South Pacific, is a small island nation heavily reliant on tourism, agriculture, fisheries, construction, public services, and international development cooperation. While it possesses a beautiful natural environment and cultural and marine tourism resources, it is repeatedly exposed to typhoons, earthquakes, volcanoes, sea level rise, and high import prices.
The IMF forecasts Vanuatu's real GDP growth rate for 2026 at 3.5% and consumer price inflation at 4.1%. A moderate recovery is expected in 2025, and it is analyzed that investment in recovery and reconstruction following the earthquake in December 2024 will contribute to growth in 2026 to some extent.
Country Definition
Vanuatu is a small island economy in the South Pacific that relies on tourism, agriculture and fisheries, and foreign aid, while seeking to reduce its dependence on imports through renewable energy, climate resilience, and local production.
Why It Matters
Vanuatu is a small country with a population of approximately 340,000, but it is located in the South Pacific maritime zone connecting Australia, New Zealand, and Melanesia. As its population and industries are dispersed across various islands, the costs of supplying air, shipping, telecommunications, electricity, and public services are high.
Tourism is a key source of foreign exchange earnings and employment, while agriculture and fisheries support residents' livelihoods and food security. However, vulnerabilities in tourism, logistics, and urban infrastructure have been exposed by a succession of events, including COVID-19, consecutive cyclones in 2023, the operational crisis of the state-owned airline, and the 2024 Port Vila earthquake. The IMF identifies natural disasters, poor governance, and a lack of fiscal capacity as major downside risks.
Vanuatu is a representative Pacific island nation that actively raises issues regarding climate change response and loss and damage to the international community. This implies the potential for sustained demand for international development cooperation in the fields of disaster recovery, climate finance, low-carbon energy, and the marine environment.
Korea Perspective
For South Korea, Vanuatu is a cooperation market in the fields of climate resilience, disaster safety, renewable energy, fisheries and agriculture, marine tourism, and digital public services, rather than a large-scale sales market .
Korea has potential for cooperation in the following fields.
- Solar power and microgrids
- ESS · Emergency Power
- Disaster control and early warning
- Earthquake-resistant and resilient building
- Water supply and sewage systems and water purification facilities
- Seafood processing and cold chain
- Smart farming
- Marine waste management
- Telemedicine and Education
- e-government and telecommunications
Rather than general commercial exports, a business model combining intergovernmental cooperation, international development finance, multilateral development banks, and local public institutions is more realistic.
Key Keywords
- Small Island Developing State
- Tourism
- Agriculture
- Fisheries
- Kava
- Climate Resilience
- Disaster Recovery
- Renewable Energy
- Maritime Connectivity
- Development Finance
Vanuatu is a parliamentary republic located in Melanesia in the South Pacific. The capital, Port Vila, is the center of administration, tourism, finance, and ports, while Luganville on Espiritu Santo Island is the second major city.
The head of state is the President, and the executive branch is led by the Prime Minister, who is elected by Parliament. As of July 2026, the Prime Minister is Jotham Napat, who took office in February 2025. The Office of the Prime Minister of Vanuatu has presented the transition of the economic structure and the improvement of government operations as major policy directions for 2026.
Although the political system is democratic, frequent coalition governments, no-confidence votes, and changes of government can weaken policy continuity. Small administrative organizations and a shortage of specialized personnel also limit the execution capacity of large-scale infrastructure and disaster recovery projects.
Vanuatu uses English, French, and Bislama as official languages, and numerous local languages and traditional communities coexist. As a significant portion of land is based on a customary ownership system, development projects must carefully examine land rights, local community consent, and environmental impact.
Australia and New Zealand are major aid, trade, and tourism partners, and China has also expanded infrastructure cooperation, including public buildings, roads, and telecommunications. Vanuatu pursues diversified diplomacy to avoid over-reliance on any single country, but strategic competition in the Pacific region could affect the policy environment.
Key Features
- South Pacific Island Development Agency
- Parliamentary system and frequent coalition politics
- tourism and agriculture-centered vulnerable economy
- The Importance of Customary Land Ownership
- High disaster and climate risk
- Strong economic ties with Australia and New Zealand
- Expansion of infrastructure cooperation between China and international organizations
- Limited administrative and technical personnel
Vanuatu's economy consists of tourism, agriculture, construction, distribution, transportation, finance, telecommunications, and public services. Although the service sector accounts for a large share, agriculture plays an important role in the livelihoods and food supply of rural residents.
The IMF projected that the economy would recover moderately in 2025, followed by improved growth in 2026 driven by earthquake recovery and reconstruction investment. However, delayed tourism recovery, natural disasters, lack of air connectivity, and rising international commodity prices could significantly destabilize the growth rate.
The domestic market is very small and fragmented across the islands. Since most machinery, fuel, vehicles, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, and construction materials are imported, fluctuations in shipping costs and exchange rates are rapidly reflected in consumer prices.
The consumer market is concentrated in Port Vila and Luganville, with hotels and resorts, government agencies, international organizations, and expatriates being the main purchasing groups. In rural areas, a cash economy and a subsistence economy coexist.
While there are opportunities for foreign companies in the tourism, construction, telecommunications, energy, and professional services sectors, the small market size and limitations on business viability are restricted by administrative procedures, land rights, air and shipping costs, and the risk of natural disasters.
Market characteristics
- A small market with a population of about 340,000
- dependence on tourism and international aid
- High proportion of imported products
- High impact of shipping and aviation costs
- Consumption and services centered in Port Vila
- Demand for disaster recovery public investment
- Consultation with local partners and the community is important
- Exchange rate, fuel, and food price volatility
- reliance on project finance
- Equipment maintenance personnel shortage
MarketHub Point
Vanuatu should be approached as a small-scale project-based market combining disaster recovery, tourism, energy, and public services, rather than a general consumer goods market.
Vanuatu's core industries are tourism, agriculture, fisheries, construction, renewable energy, and small-scale service industries.
3.1 Tourism Industry
Vanuatu possesses beaches, coral reefs, diving, volcanoes, traditional culture, and cruise tourism resources. Efate, Espiritu Santo, and Tanna are the representative tourist destinations. The official tourism strategy emphasizes the conservation of nature and culture, local community participation, and the linkage of agriculture and tourism.
The major business opportunities are as follows.
- Eco-friendly resort
- Reconstruction of tourist facilities
- Disaster Safety Accommodation
- Tourism booking and payment platform
- Water Treatment and Waste Management
- Solar Power & ESS
- Local food and rural tourism
- marine leisure equipment
However, a shortage of flights, high fares, the occurrence of disasters, and a lack of medical and rescue infrastructure are key risks to the tourism industry.
3.2 Agriculture and Food Processing
Agriculture centers on copra, kava, cocoa, coconut, beef, fruits, and root crops. Kava is a major cash crop and is exported to Pacific neighboring countries and Asian markets.
Although subsistence farming accounts for a large proportion of rural areas, significant post-production losses occur due to a lack of storage, processing, packaging, and refrigeration facilities. Linking the tourism industry with local agriculture can help replace imported foods and increase farm income.
The potential areas of cooperation for Korean companies are as follows.
- small agricultural machinery
- Irrigation and rainwater storage
- solar dryer
- Food processing and packaging
- Refrigeration and storage facilities
- Cover quality inspection
- Coconut high value products
- Disaster Response Seeds and Greenhouses
3.3 Fisheries and Marine Industry
Vanuatu possesses an extensive Exclusive Economic Zone, but its domestic infrastructure for fisheries processing, freezing, and distribution is limited. Coastal fisheries are crucial for the food and livelihoods of the residents, while distant-water resources such as tuna generate economic value through fishing rights and international agreements.
Promising fields are as follows.
- Fishing vessel safety and tracking
- Refrigeration and ice-making facilities
- Seafood processing
- food
- fish tank improvement
- Maritime control
- Illegal fishing surveillance
- Coral and coastal ecosystem restoration
Marine resource development must manage the risks of overfishing, coral damage, climate change, and plastic waste together.
3.4 Renewable Energy
Vanuatu relies on small-scale island power grids and diesel power generation, resulting in high electricity costs and limited access to electricity in rural areas.
The government's National Energy Roadmap has set energy accessibility, price, stability, sustainability, and green growth as the five major priorities. The government of Vanuatu aims for 100% renewable energy generation by 2030 and plans to expand solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal power, as well as distributed power grids.
The major opportunities are as follows.
- solar minigrid
- Residential solar power
- ESS
- Diesel–Renewable Energy Hybrid
- smart meter
- Emergency generator
- Rural electrification
- Remote management of power facilities
Vanuatu established the National Green Energy Fund in 2018 to support public and private investment.
3.5 Construction and Disaster Recovery
A magnitude 7.3 earthquake in December 2024 caused significant damage to buildings, roads, ports, hospitals, and power and water facilities in Port Vila. The World Bank provided $12 million for emergency recovery, and the IMF projected that reconstruction investment would support economic activity in 2026.
The major future demands are as follows.
- Earthquake-resistant building
- Road and bridge restoration
- Water supply and sewage system
- Hospital and school reconstruction
- disaster evacuation facilities
- Restoring communication
- Drone-based damage assessment
- Early Warning and Disaster Control
Key industries
- sightseeing
- Agriculture · Kaba
- fisheries
- Construction and disaster recovery
- renewable energy
- Shipping and Aviation
- communication
- public services
- Small-scale food processing
- Development cooperation projects
MarketHub Point
Vanuatu's industrial development requires more than just the expansion of tourism and agriculture/fisheries; it must simultaneously strengthen disaster resilience, energy independence, logistics, and local processing.
Vanuatu exports agricultural and fishery products and some processed goods, while importing large quantities of fuel, machinery, vehicles, construction materials, food, medicines, and daily necessities. Trade in goods structurally records a significant deficit, and tourism, service imports, foreign aid, and remittances offset the foreign currency shortage.
According to WTO data, major export markets are Malaysia, the Philippines, New Zealand, Australia, Fiji, Japan, and Papua New Guinea. Malaysia and the Philippines account for 20.4% and 18.0% of exports, respectively, while New Zealand and Australia each account for about 11%.
Major exports are kava, copra and coconut products, seafood, beef, cocoa, and timber-related items. Major imports are petroleum products, food, machinery, transportation equipment, construction materials, and pharmaceuticals.
Imports rely heavily on supply chains in Fiji, Australia, China, New Zealand, and Asia. As cargo frequently passes through ports in Fiji, Australia, and New Zealand, shipping schedules, transshipment costs, and weather conditions directly affect delivery times and prices.
Domestic logistics between islands is also a significant issue. Due to small ports, limited warehouse and refrigeration facilities, and irregular shipping operations, agricultural and fishery products often fail to reach the market or suffer losses.
Major trading partners and regions
- australia
- New Zealand
- Sebum
- china
- malaysia
- Philippines
- japan
- Papua New Guinea
- European Union
- Pacific Island nations
Supply chain characteristics
- high merchandise trade deficit
- Dependence on imports of fuel, food, and machinery
- Earning foreign currency through tourism services
- Reliance on transshipment to Fiji, Australia, and New Zealand
- High shipping and airfares
- Inefficiency in inter-island logistics
- Lack of refrigeration and storage facilities
- Supply interruption due to natural disaster
- The Importance of International Aid and Development Finance
- Need for local production and import substitution
MarketHub Point
The key to Vanuatu's supply chain is not to expand overseas imports themselves, but to enhance resilience against external shocks through local production and stockpiling of energy, food, and construction materials, as well as refrigerated logistics.
Vanuatu is a small-scale project-based market where business opportunities are concentrated in tourism recovery, disaster recovery, renewable energy, food security, marine resources, and digital public services, rather than in the general mass consumer goods market.
Following the 2024 earthquake, the restoration of public infrastructure and private assets is underway, and the World Bank approved an additional $30 million in grants for recovery and resilience in January 2025, following $12 million for emergency response. This demand for reconstruction creates medium-term business opportunities in the construction, power, water, telecommunications, and disaster safety sectors.
5.1 Tourism and Accommodation Industry
Tourism is a key industry that sustains Vanuatu's foreign exchange earnings and service employment. Port Vila, Espiritu Santo, and Tanna Island are centers for marine leisure, diving, volcanoes, and cultural and ecotourism. Official tourism organizations also highlight Santo's beaches, blue holes, and diving, as well as the ports and tourism functions of Efate and Port Vila, as core assets.
The potential areas of cooperation for Korean companies are as follows.
- Eco-friendly resort facilities
- Solar power and ESS-based accommodation facilities
- Earthquake-resistant and disaster-responsive building
- Water and wastewater treatment for hotels
- Reservation and payment platform
- Marine Leisure & Safety Equipment
- local food supply system
- Tourism Content & Digital Marketing
The tourism industry must review flight stability, natural disasters, medical and rescue systems, and travel insurance conditions together. The operational crisis of Air Vanuatu demonstrated that the tourism industry relies heavily on air connectivity. The IMF incorporates debt related to state-owned airlines into its analysis of public debt.
5.2 Disaster Recovery and Climate Resilience
Vanuatu is simultaneously exposed to typhoons, earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and sea level rise. Therefore, disaster recovery is not a one-time construction project, but a long-term market that permeates the nation's infrastructure and overall industrial policy.
Promising fields are as follows.
- Earthquake and Typhoon Resistant Architecture
- Prefabricated schools and health facilities
- disaster shelter
- Emergency Power · ESS
- Early warning system
- Satellite and Drone Damage Investigation
- Network redundancy
- Emergency water supply and water purification facilities
- Disaster material stockpiling management
- Climate Risk Maps and Insurance
In terms of market entry, it is realistic to approach it by focusing on projects commissioned or supported by the government of Vanuatu, the World Bank, the ADB, Australian and New Zealand aid agencies, and international organizations.
5.3 Renewable Energy and Island Grids
Due to its numerous islands and dispersed population structure, Vanuatu is better suited to small-scale, standalone, and hybrid power systems rather than a large-scale centralized power grid.
The following fields are promising for Korean companies.
- solar minigrid
- Solar power for homes and public facilities
- ESS
- Diesel–Renewable Energy Hybrid
- Mobile emergency generator
- smart meter
- remote monitoring
- Power facility maintenance
- School/Hospital Independent Power Supply
- Electric boats and charging facilities
The equipment must be able to withstand salt, high temperature and humidity, strong winds, and logistical constraints, and must include parts and battery replacement after installation as well as training for local technicians.
5.4 Agriculture and Food Security
Agriculture in Vanuatu centers on kava, coconuts, cocoa, beef, fruits, and root crops. However, due to a lack of storage, processing, and transportation facilities, there are many cases where a stable supply cannot be provided to the tourism and urban markets.
The business opportunities are as follows.
- small agricultural machinery
- rainwater storage and irrigation
- Solar drying
- cold storage
- Food sorting and packaging
- Kava and Cocoa Quality Inspection
- Coconut processing
- Livestock hygiene
- Disaster Response Seeds
- Hotel–Farm Supply Chain Platform
It is suitable for Korean companies to consider a decentralized model that connects island and regional cooperatives, hotels, school meal services, and small-scale processing facilities, rather than large-scale agricultural complexes.
5.5 Fisheries and Cold Chain
Compared to the vast marine area, the domestic infrastructure for fisheries processing, freezing, and distribution is limited. To increase the productivity of coastal fisheries and supply the tourism and urban markets, improvements in ice-making, freezing, hygiene, and logistics systems are necessary.
The major areas of cooperation are as follows.
- Small ice maker
- solar cold storage
- Fishing boat location tracking
- Maritime safety communication
- Seafood processing
- Aquaculture technology
- Fishing port sanitary facilities
- Illegal fishing surveillance
- Seafood quality inspection
- Marine waste collection
Fisheries businesses must consider both the conservation of fish stocks and the livelihoods of local communities simultaneously, and the distribution of simple equipment that leads to overfishing should be avoided.
5.6 Digital Public Services
Distances between islands and a shortage of skilled personnel are increasing the demand for telemedicine, online education, e-government, and digital payments.
The potential areas for cooperation with Korea are as follows.
- telemedicine
- Hospital Information System
- Online education
- e-government
- Disaster Information Platform
- digital identity
- mobile payment
- Customs Clearance and Port Informatization
- satellite communication
- cybersecurity
Digital business must be designed to integrate network quality, power supply, data protection, equipment maintenance, and digital literacy education.
5.7 Market Entry Methods
In Vanuatu, an approach combining public and development cooperation with local operating partners is more suitable than standalone commercial exports.
Recommended entry structure
Confirmation of public demand
Review government plans and aid projects in the fields of disaster recovery, energy, agriculture and fisheries, tourism, and digital government.
↓
Development finance linkage
Utilize the World Bank, ADB, Korea ODA, and the Australia-New Zealand and Pacific Regional Fund.
↓
small-scale demonstration
Solar power, water purification, refrigeration, and digital services are demonstrated at the level of schools, hospitals, island villages, and tourist facilities.
↓
Internalization of operation and maintenance
It includes local technician training, parts stockpiling, remote management, and service contracts.
Major Risks
- Very small market size
- High shipping and airfares
- Natural disasters and supply disruptions
- dependence on tourism and aid
- Limited administrative and technical personnel
- Customary land rights
- Changes in administration and coalition government
- Difficulties in equipment maintenance
- High import prices
- reliance on project finance
The IMF assessed natural disasters, governance, insufficient fiscal capacity, uncertainty regarding citizenship program revenue, and issues with the state-owned airline as major risks to the economic outlook.
MarketHub Point
In Vanuatu, it is more important to install small-scale infrastructure that withstands climate and disasters and establish a service system capable of long-term operation than to sell products.
Vanuatu's economy is expected to grow, driven by earthquake recovery, tourism revitalization, and public investment. However, forecasts vary among different institutions.
The IMF’s 2025 Article IV report projected a growth rate of 1.7% for 2025 and 2.8% for 2026. The World Bank also forecasts a growth rate of 2.8% for 2026, citing the reopening of cruise ports and reconstruction projects as key growth factors.
In contrast, the ADB’s July 2026 forecast projected a growth rate of 4.7% for 2026 and 3.9% for 2027, based on the assumption that reconstruction and public investment proceed more strongly than expected. Therefore, the actual growth rate in 2026 is expected to depend heavily on the speed of reconstruction project execution and the extent of recovery in tourism and aviation.
Future growth engines
Earthquake recovery and public infrastructure
The restoration of roads, ports, public buildings, power, telecommunications, and water supply is expected to drive the construction and service industries.
Normalization of tourism
Once flights and cruise arrivals stabilize, accommodation, food, transportation, and local tourism can recover.
Energy independence
The expansion of solar power, ESS, and mini-grids can reduce the burden of fuel imports and electricity costs.
Local processing of agricultural and fishery products
If storage, processing, and refrigeration systems are improved, food imports can be reduced and the tourism industry can be linked with local production.
Climate finance
It is highly likely that inflows of international funds and development finance will continue in the sectors of climate resilience, loss and damage, disaster response, and marine conservation.
digital connectivity
Satellite communication, mobile payments, telemedicine, and online education can be key means to reduce the gap in public services between islands.
Major Structural Challenges
- Recurrence of climate and disasters
- Tourism and aviation connectivity
- Limited financial revenue
- dependence on citizenship programs
- Financial risks of state-owned enterprises
- small private sector
- Shortage of skilled labor
- High logistics and electricity costs
- Regional disparities between islands
- Administrative and project execution capabilities
The IMF points out that fiscal stability, management of state-owned enterprises, strengthened governance, financial supervision, and securing disaster response capabilities are key to a sustainable recovery.
Market Position
Pacific Climate Resilience Testbed + Distributed Island Service Market
Pacific Climate Resilience Market capable of demonstrating distributed operational models for energy, water, food, and communications in a multi-island environment with high disaster risk
Key Opportunities
- disaster recovery
- Earthquake-resistant and climate-resistant architecture
- Solar Power & ESS
- Water purification and sewage systems
- Smart farming
- food processing
- Fisheries and Cold Chain
- tourism infrastructure
- Telemedicine and Education
- e-government and disaster control
Recommended Strategy
Resilience First
Prioritize demand for disaster and climate resilience over general product sales.
↓
Small Island Pilot
We will promote small-scale demonstrations at the level of schools, hospitals, villages, and tourist facilities.
↓
Pacific Replication
The Vanuatu empirical model is extended to Fiji, the Solomon Islands, and other Pacific island nations.
Korea Opportunity Index
Opportunity Level: Medium
Although Vanuatu has a very small commercial market, there are policy and development cooperation opportunities where Korea's capabilities in energy, disaster safety, water treatment, fisheries, and ICT can be utilized.
South Korea can leverage its competitiveness in the following fields.
- Solar Power & ESS
- Disaster control and early warning
- Earthquake-resistant and modular construction
- Water purification and sewage systems
- Seafood processing and freezing
- Small-scale agricultural and food equipment
- telemedicine
- Smart Education
- Port and Maritime Safety
- e-government
The project is suitable for public-private partnership-type market entry combining Korean ODA, multilateral development banks, climate funds, and private companies .
Risk Screening
Climate and natural disasters
↓
Small market and high logistics costs
↓
Lack of administrative and operational capacity
↓
dependence on development finance
↓
Verification of Pacific expansion potential
Final Assessment
Vanuatu is a Pacific Strategic Partner capable of demonstrating climate resilience technologies that combine disaster recovery, distributed energy, food and fisheries, water, and digital public services, rather than being a large-scale commercial market.
Scope of investigation
This document was prepared by cross-referencing the latest official data regarding Vanuatu's macroeconomy, tourism, agriculture and fisheries, renewable energy, disaster recovery, public infrastructure, logistics, and development finance.
international organizations
- International Monetary Fund
- World Bank
- Asian Development Bank
- World Trade Organization
- United Nations Development Program
- Food and Agriculture Organization
- Pacific Community
- Pacific Islands Forum
Vanuatu Government and Related Organizations
- Government of Vanuatu
- Prime Minister's Office
- Ministry of Finance and Economic Management
- Ministry of Climate Change
- Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries and Biosecurity
- Department of Energy
- Vanuatu Tourism Office
- Vanuatu National Statistics Office
- Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department
- Ports and Airports Vanuatu
Republic of Korea institutions
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
- Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries
- Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
- Ministry of Environment
- KOTRA
- Korea International Cooperation Agency
- Korea Export-Import Bank
- Korea Energy Agency
- Korea Water Resources Corporation
- National Disaster Safety Research Institute
Key Review Materials
- IMF, Vanuatu: 2025 Article IV Consultation
- IMF, Vanuatu Country Data
- World Bank, Vanuatu Earthquake Emergency Response and Recovery Support Data
- World Bank, Vanuatu Macro Poverty Outlook 2026
- Asian Development Bank, Asian Development Outlook 2026: Vanuatu
- WTO, Vanuatu Trade Profile
- Government of Vanuatu, National Energy, Climate, and Development Policy Data
- Vanuatu Tourism Office, Official Tourism and Local Information
- Data from international organizations regarding Pacific region development and climate resilience
Writing Verification
This document was prepared according to the following criteria.
- Comparison of the latest growth forecasts from IMF, World Bank, and ADB
- Specify the differences in 2026 forecasts by institution
- Reflecting the 2024 earthquake and the 2025–2026 reconstruction effects
- Parallel analysis of tourism, agriculture, fisheries, and energy industries
- Reflecting the logistics, power, and manpower constraints of small island nations
- Review of Renewable Energy and Distributed Power Models
- Set disaster recovery and climate resilience markets as core axes
- Proposal of an entry strategy centered on development finance and ODA
- Linking Korea's capabilities in disaster safety, energy, fisheries, and ICT
- Adhere to the order of Table of Contents 0–8 of the WCI-001 Golden Template.
- Apply MarketHub World Country Intelligence standard format
Vanuatu is a small island economy dependent on tourism, agriculture, and fisheries, and is repeatedly exposed to natural disasters and high import and logistics costs.
While reconstruction investment and tourism recovery following the 2024 earthquake can support short-term growth, in the long term, it is necessary to reduce dependence on imports and external sources for energy, food, water, and communications, and to establish a decentralized service system for each island.
The Republic of Korea can cooperate in the fields of solar power and ESS, disaster safety, water purification, agricultural and fisheries processing, telemedicine, education, and e-government. However, rather than approaching it as a general export market, a suitable strategy would be to pursue pilot projects utilizing ODA, climate finance, and multilateral development banks, and to expand these into a standard model for Pacific Island nations.
Final evaluation
Vanuatu is a country of strategic value not so much for its market size, but for the potential to demonstrate Korean-style small-scale infrastructure and public service models that address climate, disaster, and island dispersion issues.